Cosmic Collision

Astronomers thought they had found a new exoplanet 25 light-years from Earth. In reality, it was a never-before seen, head-on cosmic crash. Researchers described in a study the aftermath of two separate collisions between two small, rocky planetesimals. The findings were made possible by imaging done by the Hubble Space Telescope.

In 2008, astronomers found an unexplained bright object located 25 light-years from Earth. It was designated Fomalhaut b, but nobody knew what “it” was. The initial analysis said it could be a new exoplanet larger than our sun. On the other hand, its roiling cloud of debris indicated it was an expanding dust formation. It has one of the largest dust belts known, which makes it easy to study.

After years of intermittent examinations, one team aimed the Hubble Space Telescope at the mystery in 2023. But Fomalhaut b wasn’t at the expected coordinates. Instead, a bright spot of light was found in a slightly different location.

Fomalhaut b was the known source in the system. But careful comparisons of new images to past images showed it could not be the same source. This discovery was both exciting and confusing. This is the first time a point of light has appeared from nowhere. It’s completely absent in all previous Hubble images.

Further investigation indicates that the object—now classified as Fomalhaut cs1—isn’t an exoplanet and never was. More likely, the first observations in 2008 showed early results of a crash between components of early planetary development (planetesimals). More recent images show the dissipating remains of the smash.

Fomalhaut cs2—which was also studied two decades ago—displays similar traits. Past theories proposed this type of collision would occur in a given region once every 100,000 years. However, researchers have now seen two in only 20 years. Four independent analyses of the data agree that Fomalhault recently hosted two collisions of planetesimals.

Now astrophysicists can utilize the data to better construct planetary models and more accurately identify potential exoplanets. Since Fomalhaut cs2 looks like an exoplanet reflecting starlight, it is plain that a large dust cloud can masquerade as a planet.

 

https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/first-of-its-kind-cosmic-collision-spotted-25-light-years-from-earth/ar-AA1SCht0?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=6944730e9f834e7483ec986db9d02131&ei=23

3,000-Year-Old Mass Burial

Archaeologists have discovered a mass burial site in the south of Scotland that dates to about 3,300 years ago.

Excavations undertaken in 2020 and 2021 revealed a Bronze Age barrow, which is an ancient burial mound. Inside the mound, cremated bones of several people were contained inside 5 closely-packed urns.

It is postulated that some event—possibly a famine—had resulted in so many burials at the same time. The cremated bones of at least 8 individuals were placed in this one burial event sometime between 1439 and 1287 BC. A small group of pits to the north revealed late Neolithic activity between 2867 and 2504 BC.

It is significant that the mass burial remains were cremated and buried almost immediately. This is unusual because there was a tradition in the Bronze Age of leaving bodies out for some time.

Other Bronze Age sites in the region indicate this may have been a time of stress, as they show evidence of famine and abandonment.

 

https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/archaeologists-uncover-3-000-year-old-mysterious-mass-burial-site/ar-AA1Syr5p?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=694401e571684f4395fc7525d4997578&ei=20